About risk factors and preventive screening
Some risk factors, such as age, family health history, and no full-term pregnancies, cannot be changed. But if you have risk factors that can be changed, consider making lifestyle changes to reduce those risks. For instance, quit smoking and lose weight if you need to. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone therapy after menopause and use low doses for only a short time. A healthy diet and regular exercise may also help reduce your breast cancer risk.
A large portion of the women with breast cancer have no risk factors. Having risk factors doesn't mean that you will develop breast cancer. But having risk factors is a good reason to discuss them with your doctor and schedule regular screening mammograms.
Even if you don't have risk factors, it's important to get routine breast cancer screening tests. Here are the recommendations from the American Cancer Society (ACS) for screening in women of average risk for breast cancer:
- All women should know the benefits, limits, and potential harms of breast cancer screening. They should also know how their breasts normally look and feel and report any changes to a healthcare provider right away.
- Women ages 40 to 44 have the choice to start breast cancer screening with yearly mammograms if they wish to do so. They should consider both the risks and potential benefits of screening.
- Women ages 45 to 54 should get a mammogram every year.
- Women ages 55 and older can switch to a mammogram every 2 years, or have the choice to continue yearly screening.
- Screening should continue as long as a woman is in good health and is expected to live at least 10 more years.